M-TriLYS (MurNAc-Ala-D-isoGln-Lys) is a muropeptide released by Lactobacillus salivarus, after digestion of its peptidoglycan (PGN).
Chemically synthesized M-TriLYS is sensed by NOD2 and induces the activation of NF-κB [1].
However, M-TriLYS has been shown to produce the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and protect mice from colitis, unlike M-TriLYSD-ASN [1].
The opposite effect of both muropeptides may be linked to a differential transport.
Reference:
- Macho Fernandez E. et al., 2011. Anti-inflammatory capacity of selected lactobacilli in experimental colitis is driven by NOD2-mediated recognition of a specific peptidoglycan-derived muropeptide, Gut, 60: 1050 - 1059.
